考研英语语法基础之状语

新文道 2023-08-28 18:13:27

  1. 什么是状语?

  “状”是陈述或描摹的意思。所以状语就是在句中用来陈述或描摹事情发生的时间、地点、方式、程度、原因等等的修饰成分。如“我家猫死了”,对这个事件进行陈述或描摹时,我们可以加上,比如说,时间,“我家猫昨天死了”;地点,“我家猫昨天在浴室死了”;方式,“我家猫昨天在浴室上吊死了”;程度,“我家猫昨天在浴室上吊死了,口吐白沫、惨不忍睹”;原因,“我家猫失恋了想不开,昨天在浴室上吊死了,口吐白沫、惨不忍睹”……

  2. 哪些成分可以做状语?

  1)副词

  副词可以做状语修饰动词、形容词或副词,如He walks quickly(quickly是副词做状语修饰动词walk),The film is very good(very是副词做状语修饰形容词good),He works very hard (very是副词做状语修饰副词hard)。

  2)三大短语

  *介词短语

  With a book in her hand, the teacher came into the classroom

  *不定式短语(to do)

  I just call to say I love you.

  *分词短语(v-ing;v-ed)

  Following the teacher,Bob came into the office.

  Frightened by the nightmare, he woke up.

  3) 句子——状语从句

  I close the door.

  *When I leave(时间状语), I will close the door.

  *Where I leave(地点状语),I will close the door.

  *If I leave(条件状语), I will close the door.

  *I can leave now, because I have closed the door(原因时间状语).

  *I have closed the door, so that I can leave now(结果状语).

  *Although I closed the door(让步状语),he opened the door.

  *I closed door so that we could feel warmer(目的状语).

  *I closed the door as he did(方式状语).

  *I closed the door harder than he did(比较状语).

  **九大状语从句:

  表示时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、结果、目的、方式、比较。

  记忆口诀:

  比方木条绝缘补地时

  比(比较),方(方式),木(目的),条(条件),绝(结果),缘(原因),补(让步),地(地点),时(时间)。

  打个比方,木条是绝缘体,用来补地的时候……


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